Linux中的LVM之增加容量与删除卷的方法详解(linux的lvm扩容)

放大LV容量涉及到LVM管理中的命令lvresize，我们先创建一个卷组VG VolGroup，它建立在磁盘/dev/sdc （大小为8G）上。创建逻辑卷LV时，我们故意只使用了一小部分。具体情况如下所示复制代码代码如下:[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name VolGroup System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 1 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 0 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 7. GiB PE Size . MiB Total PE Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 Free PE / Size / 7. GiB VG UUID SETgjx-dobd-Uayt-AWgN-HKID-hsYe-tEotIS[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L7. -n LogVol VolGroup Rounding up size to full physical extent . MiB Logical volume "LogVol" created[root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/VolGroup/LogVolmke2fs 1.. (-May-)Filesystem label=OS type: LinuxBlock size= (log=0)Fragment size= (log=0)Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks inodes, blocks blocks (5.%) reserved for the super userFirst data block=1Maximum filesystem blocks= block groups blocks per group, fragments per group inodes per groupSuperblock backups stored on blocks: , Writing inode tables: done Creating journal ( blocks): doneWriting superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every mounts or days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.[root@localhost ~]# cd /[root@localhost /]# mkdir /u[root@localhost /]# mount /dev/VolGroup/LogVol /u[root@localhost /]# vi /etc/fstab ## /etc/fstab# Created by anaconda on Mon Aug :: ## Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info#UUID=ad--ed-f-ebbf / ext4 defaults 1 1UUID=d3abb-db-4c-d-cabfda0 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2UUID=ff-d-ca-b-fad9da8 /home ext4 defaults 1 2UUID=6fbf0-e--ae-edcff1 swap swap defaults 0 0/dev/VolGroup/LogVol /u ext4 defaults 1 1tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode= 0 0sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0proc /proc proc defaults 0 0此时，我们要放大文件系统/u的大小，那么就需要使用到lvresize 放大LV容量复制代码代码如下:[root@localhost ~]# lvscan ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup/LogVol' [. MiB] inherit[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay /dev/VolGroup/LogVol --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/VolGroup/LogVol LV Name LogVol VG Name VolGroup LV UUID OCHwx1-EL9P-6C5J-RNuz-2Xu5--H3xt5s LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, -- :: + LV Status available # open 1 LV Size . MiB Current LE 1 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to Block device :0 [root@localhost ~]# lvresize -L +7.G /dev/VolGroup/LogVol Rounding size to boundary between physical extents: 7. GiB Size of logical volume VolGroup/LogVol changed from . MiB (1 extents) to 7. GiB ( extents). Logical volume LogVol successfully resized复制代码代码如下:[root@localhost ~]# resize2fs -p /dev/VolGroup/LogVolresize2fs 1.. (-May-)Filesystem at /dev/VolGroup/LogVol is mounted on /u; on-line resizing requiredold desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = Performing an on-line resize of /dev/VolGroup/LogVol to (1k) blocks.The filesystem on /dev/VolGroup/LogVol is now blocks long. [root@localhost ~]# df -hFilesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/sda2 G 6.0G G % /tmpfs 5.9G 0 5.9G 0% /dev/shm/dev/sda1 M M M 8% /boot/dev/sdb1 G M G 1% /home/dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol 7.7G 2.7M 7.3G 1% /u如果我们此时在虚拟机上将磁盘从8G扩展为G，那么要如何利用扩展的磁盘空间呢？ 复制代码代码如下:[root@localhost u]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: .9 GB, bytes heads, sectors/track, cylindersUnits = cylinders of * = bytesSector size (logical/physical): bytes / bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): bytes / bytesDisk identifier: 0xcf Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sda1 * 2 LinuxPartition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary./dev/sda2 LinuxPartition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary./dev/sda3 Linux swap / SolarisPartition 3 does not end on cylinder boundary. Disk /dev/sdc: MB, bytes heads, sectors/track, cylindersUnits = cylinders of * = bytesSector size (logical/physical): bytes / bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): bytes / bytesDisk identifier: 0xcfe Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sdc1 1 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: .4 GB, bytes heads, sectors/track, cylindersUnits = cylinders of * = bytesSector size (logical/physical): bytes / bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): bytes / bytesDisk identifier: 0xe Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sdb1 1 Linux Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol: MB, bytes heads, sectors/track, 4 cylindersUnits = cylinders of * = bytesSector size (logical/physical): bytes / bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): bytes / bytesDisk identifier: 0x重启过后才能看到/dev/sdc的空间变化情况。 删除物理卷删除卷LVM管理中的命令vgreduce, pvremove： vgreduce：通过删除LVM卷组中的物理卷来减少卷组容量。注意：不能删除LVM卷组中剩余的最后一个物理卷 pvremove: 用于删除一个存在的物理卷。使用pvremove指令删除物理卷时，它将LVM分区上的物理卷信息删除，使其不再被视为一个物理卷。 在删除物理卷PV之前，必须将服务器的分区信息、卷组信息、物理卷信息、逻辑卷信息都掌握清楚，避免出现失误或误操作。复制代码代码如下:[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: .8 GB, bytes heads, sectors/track, cylindersUnits = cylinders of * = bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sda1 * 1 Linux/dev/sda2 8e Linux LVM/dev/sda3 Linux[root@localhost ~]# vgscan Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while... Found volume group "VolGroup" using metadata type lvm2[root@localhost ~]# pvscan PV /dev/sda2 VG VolGroup lvm2 [. GB / 0 free] PV /dev/sda3 VG VolGroup lvm2 [. GB / . GB free] Total: 2 [. GB] / in use: 2 [. GB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ][root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda2 VG Name VolGroup PV Size . GB / not usable . MB Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size (KByte) Total PE Free PE 0 Allocated PE PV UUID YGtB2J-ZKJr-mV-NluQ-2DGy-vuUT-cCc1lo --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda3 VG Name VolGroup PV Size . GB / not usable 2. MB Allocatable yes PE Size (KByte) Total PE Free PE Allocated PE 0 PV UUID wsnv-7j1H-SH8q-hl6k-HpNc-x4WU-gM7LzW [root@localhost ~]# lvscan ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup/LogVol' [. GB] inherit ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup/LogVol' [1. GB] inherit[root@localhost ~]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Log Copy% Convert LogVol VolGroup -wi-ao .G LogVol VolGroup -wi-ao 1.G vgreduce参数：-a：如果命令行中没有指定要删除的物理卷，则删除所有的空物理卷； --removemissing：删除卷组中丢失的物理卷，使卷组恢复正常状态。复制代码代码如下:[root@localhost ~]# vgreduce VolGroup /dev/sda3 Removed "/dev/sda3" from volume group "VolGroup" [root@localhost ~]# 复制代码代码如下:[root@localhost ~]# pvscan PV /dev/sda2 VG VolGroup lvm2 [. GB / 0 free] PV /dev/sda3 lvm2 [. GB] Total: 2 [. GB] / in use: 1 [. GB] / in no VG: 1 [. GB][root@localhost ~]# pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sda2 VolGroup lvm2 a- .G 0 /dev/sda3 lvm2 a- .G .G[root@localhost ~]# pvremove /dev/sda3 Labels on physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully wiped[root@localhost ~]# pvscan PV /dev/sda2 VG VolGroup lvm2 [. GB / 0 free] Total: 1 [. GB] / in use: 1 [. GB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ]

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